Actions to address CDoH at the local authority level
Actions to address CDoH at the local authority level

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Build capacity amongst low-income residents and refugees by providing food handler training, nutrition education and support to secure food-related employment 

Area of Interest:
Food and Drink
Lancet Model:
Level:  Level 3: Sectoral public policies
Drivers:  N/A
Practices:  Labour and employment practices
Mechanism:
Cognitive
Effect:
N/A (Effect not discussed/reported)
References:
Scopes:
Global, Europe, UK

Details:

Examples of implementation: The Toronto Food Strategy (2010) (Canada) highlights its 'Community Food Works' initiative for low-income residents and refugees, which provides food handler training, nutrition education and employment support (Barbour et al., 2022, S6).

Develop internships, apprenticeships and scholarships to inspire students and young people to take on careers in food and farming 

Area of Interest:
Food and Drink
Lancet Model:
Level:  Level 3: Sectoral public policies
Drivers:  N/A
Practices:  Labour and employment practices
Mechanism:
Cognitive
Effect:
N/A (Effect not discussed/reported)
References:
Scopes:
Global, Europe, UK

Details:

Examples of implementation: The Toronto (Canada) Golden Horseshoe Food and Farming Action Plan (2012) outlined several strategies and actions to strengthen the local food system and economy including developing internships, apprenticeships and/or scholarships to inspire students to pursue careers in food and farming sectors (Barbour et al., 2022, S6).

Generate employment in the local food manufacturing sector via use of public property

Area of Interest:
Food and Drink
Lancet Model:
Level:  Level 3: Sectoral public policies
Drivers:  N/A
Practices:  Labour and employment practices
Mechanism:
Physical environment
Effect:
N/A (Effect not discussed/reported)
References:
Scopes:
Global, Europe, UK

Details:

Examples of implementation: The FoodWorks report for New York City's food system (2010) established a blueprint for creating a stronger, healthier and more sustainable local food system including actions focused on food processing such as generating employment in the food manufacturing sector by making affordable space available and offering technical assistance (Barbour et al., 2022, S6).

Relevant stakeholders collaborate to provide leadership to develop policies and best practices that promote the availability and marketing of healthy foods and beverages 

Area of Interest:
Food and Drink
Lancet Model:
Level:  Level 3: Sectoral public policies
Drivers:  N/A
Practices:  Political practices, Marketing practices
Mechanism:
Physical environment
Effect:
N/A (Effect not discussed/reported)
References:
Scopes:
Other (USA)

Details:
N/A
Local government awards for nutrition, health and/or gardening for schools and early learning centres

Area of Interest:
Food and Drink
Lancet Model:
Level:  Level 3: Sectoral public policies
Drivers:  Norms, Power
Practices:  N/A
Mechanism:
Physical environment
Effect:
N/A (Effect not discussed/reported)
References:
Scopes:
Global, Europe, UK

Details:

Examples of implementation: Bristol's 'Good Food Action Plan' (2015) (UK) included plans to support local schools to work toward and achieve the Mayor's Award for Excellence as a 'Health Improving School', which includes nutrition, health and gardening curriculum (Barbour et al., 2022, S6). The Flagship Food Borough initiative in Lambeth and Croydon (London, UK) (2014) includes several initiatives working in or with schools and those participating in programmes must complete an audit every two years to assess their progress before being able to receive an award as part of the London Healthy Schools programme (Barbour et al., 2022, S6). The London Food Strategy (2018) also outlines opportunities ane encourages childcare centres to work toward the 'Healthy Early Years London Award' (Barbour et al., 2022, S6).

Fund academic institutions’ student unions to facilitate student-led projects to promote flexitarianism and food waste reduction 

Area of Interest:
Food and Drink
Lancet Model:
Level:  Level 3: Sectoral public policies
Drivers:  Norms, Power
Practices:  N/A
Mechanism:
Socio-cultural
Effect:
N/A (Effect not discussed/reported)
References:
Scopes:
Global, Europe, UK

Details:

Examples of implementation: Bristol's 'Good Food Action Plan' (2015) (UK) highlighted collaborations with university student unions such as the University of Bristol's student union facilitating the 'Get Green' project, which was a two year programme to fund and develop student-led projects to promote flexitarianism and food waste reduction (Barbour et al., 2022, S6).

Support national campaigns such as ‘Flexitarian City’, ‘Sustainable Fish Cities’ and ‘Fairtrade town’ which promote desired consumption and procurement practices

Area of Interest:
Food and Drink
Lancet Model:
Level:  Level 3: Sectoral public policies
Drivers:  Norms, Power
Practices:  N/A
Mechanism:
Socio-cultural
Effect:
N/A (Effect not discussed/reported)
References:
Scopes:
Global, Europe, UK

Details:

Examples of implementation: Bristol's 'Good Food Action Plan' (2015) (UK) highlighted their pilot project campaign 'Flexitarian City', which aims to promote a flexitarian diet in local restaurants and communities (Barbour et al., 2022, S6). The London Food Strategy (2018) (UK) sought to integrate food that is accredited by Fairtrade, Sustainable Fish Cities and Good Farm Animal Welfare into procurement for community settings and public institutions (Barbour et al., 2022, S6).

Join regional and global networks (e.g. C40 Cities, Edible Cities, Urban Agriculture Association) and sign relevant declarations to publicise City commitment to local food policies 

Area of Interest:
Food and Drink
Lancet Model:
Level:  Level 3: Sectoral public policies
Drivers:  N/A
Practices:  Political practices
Mechanism:
Physical environment
Effect:
N/A (Effect not discussed/reported)
References:
Scopes:
Global, Europe, UK

Details:

Examples of implementation: Barbour et al., (2022) highlight several examples of local food strategies, which have been shaped by or highlight participation in global and regional networks on food policy. The Paris (France) Strategy for Sustainable Food (2018) acknowledged their collaborations with Organic Cities Network Europe, the Milan Urban Food Policy Pact (MUFPP), Eurocities and the C40 network. Similarly the Toronto Food Strategy (2010) noted its work with MUFPP, the C40 Network and the Netherlands-based 'Resource Centres on Urban Agriculture and Food Security' in developing its local food strategy framework. The San Francisco Zero Waste (2018) policy (USA) cited its signing of the C40 Cities declaration on zero waste as an example of the city's political commitment to waste reduction.

Ensure local government representation on advisory boards to inform nutrition and environmental sustainability regulation and policy decisions 

Area of Interest:
Food and Drink
Lancet Model:
Level:  Level 3: Sectoral public policies
Drivers:  N/A
Practices:  Political practices
Mechanism:
Physical environment
Effect:
N/A (Effect not discussed/reported)
References:
Scopes:
Global, Europe, UK

Details:

Examples of implementation: Under the Nairobi Urban Agriculture Promotion and Regulation Act (2015) (Kenya), the Nairobi City County Urban Agriculture Promotion Advisory Board was developed to help facilitate the planning and delivery of activities, with several roles on the board and Executive Committee assigned to members of the County Government (Barbour et al., 2022, S6). The Toronto Golden Horseshoe Food and Farming Action Plan (2012) involved the establishment of the 'Golden Horseshoe Food and Farming Alliance', which serves as an innovative governance body that brings together 7 local government area stakeholders, civil society, researchers and food producers who meet 5 times per year (Barbour et al., 2022, S6).

Local food charter to define key principles of practice around health and sustainability and enable local partnerships

Area of Interest:
Food and Drink
Lancet Model:
Level:  Level 3: Sectoral public policies
Drivers:  N/A
Practices:  Political practices
Mechanism:
Physical environment
Effect:
N/A (Effect not discussed/reported)
References:
Scopes:
Global, Europe, UK

Details:

Examples of implementation: Bristol's 'Good Food Charter' (2012) established the seven principles of 'Good Food' and served to encourage the city and its relevant stakeholders to adopt these principles within their work and later guide the development of the city's 'Good Food Plan' (2013) and 'Good Food Action Plan' (2015) (Barbour et al., 2022, S6).