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Types of identified approaches:
- New buildings that combine a range of energy efficiency and renewable energy measures
- Innovative processes showcasing and promoting the commercial application of new low energy housing concepts
- Large-scale energy efficient housing development or refurbishment involving systemic and architectural innovation
- Piloting sites for ecological living
- Developing new low energy house business models
- Adoption of modular innovation by a mainstream building company
- Establishing a new low carbon neighbourhood
- Establishing a new low energy housing knowledge network.
Examples of implementation: Within the Vancouver (Canada) 'Regional Food System Action Plan' (2016), there were 178 actions proposed to advances the areas' 2011 Regional Food System Strategy, including efforts to facilitate sustainable practices through parks programming that included opportunities and/or workshops on native plant foraging, seed saving/exchange and composting (Barbour et al., 2022, S6).
Types of identified potential strategies: a) Establish an online portal for local businesses, community agencies and residents to order fresh and healthy foods at wholesale prices; b) Establish distribution hubs to allow groups of producers to sell directly to consumers; c) Expand and support 'Community Supported Agriculture' initiatives from urban and fringe farms; d) Improve public transport options to increase physical access to locally produced food; e) Enable pop-up fresh produce market stalls at public facilities to promote access to organic, seasonal, locally grown and fairly traded food.
Examples of implementation: The Barbour et al., (2022) review identified several examples of local food strategies and action plans with activities seeking to improve the local food system infrastructure to connect local producers with consumers. The Paris (France) 'Strategy for Sustainable Food' (2018) included various actions for increasing access to sustainable food for everyone such as mobile and social grocery stores and investing in transportation infrastructure for businesses with sustainable food to shorten supply chains and improve sale opportunities (Barbour et al., 2022, S6). The 'Good Food Action Plan' (2015) of Bristol (UK) outlined the use of pop-up fresh produce market stall by local producers at a local hospital to promote access to healthier and sustainable food, development of distribution hubs and online stores stocked with items from local producers for home delivery and events to connect purchasers with local suppliers (Barbour et al., 2022).
What we know: Several studies have indicated that providing monetary benefits for blowing the whistle on wrongdoing is positively associated with whistleblowing intentions, with increased financial reward positively linked to intentions (Nicholls et al., 2021).
What we know: Workplace policies with clear procedures and protections for whistle-blowers was associated with greater whistleblowing intentions (Nicholls et al., 2021). In terms of reporting processes, there are mixed findings for whether anonymised channels for whistleblowing are associated with greater intentions to blow the whistle (Nicholls et al., 2021). Similarly there are mixed findings for whether internal (vs external) channels for whistleblowing are associated with greater intentions to blow the whistle (Nicholls et al., 2021).
What we know: Provision of professional ethics training has been associated with increased whistleblowing intentions (Nicholls et al., 2021). Education and training on whistleblowing - what it is, why it is important, how to do it and personal responsibility to blow the whistle on wrongdoing - was also suggested (Nicholls et al., 2021).
Further explanation: Anti-social behaviour can include sexual advances from colleagues and customers and these policies can also include requirements for reporting to appropriate regulatory bodies.